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Endocrine and Fertility Complications of Puberty Blockers and Cross-Sex Hormones

Gays Against Groomers

Islam, N., Nash, R., Zhang, Q., Panagiotakopoulos, L., Daley, T., Bhasin, S., Getahun, D., Haw, J. S., McCracken, C., Silverberg, M. J., Tangpricha, V., Vupputuri, S., & Goodman, M. (2021). Is There a Link Between Hormone Use and Diabetes Incidence in Transgender People? Data from the STRONG Cohort. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, dgab832. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab832


Nokoff, N. J., Scarbro, S. L., Moreau, K. L., Zeitler, P., Nadeau, K. J., Reirden, D., Juarez-Colunga, E., & Kelsey, M. M. (2021). Body Composition and Markers of Cardiometabolic Health in Transgender Youth on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists. Transgender Health, 6(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2020.0029


Mayhew, A. C., & Gomez-Lobo, V. (2020). Fertility Options for the Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Patient. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 105(10). https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa529


Pang, K. C., Peri, A. J. S., Chung, H. E., Telfer, M., Elder, C. V., Grover, S., & Jayasinghe, Y. (2020). Rates of Fertility Preservation Use Among Transgender Adolescents. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(9), 890. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0264


Dulohery, K., Trottmann, M., Bour, S., Liedl, B., Alba‐Alejandre, I., Reese, S., Hughes, B., Stief, C. G., & Kölle, S. (2020). How do elevated levels of testosterone affect the function of the human fallopian tube and fertility?—New insights. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 87(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.23291


Baram, S., Myers, S. A., Yee, S., & Librach, C. L. (2019). Fertility preservation for transgender adolescents and young adults: a systematic review. Human Reproduction Update, 25(6), 694–716. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmz026


Leung, A., Sakkas, D., Pang, S., Thornton, K., & Resetkova, N. (2019). Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in female-to-male transgender patients compared with cisgender patients: a new frontier in reproductive medicine. Fertility and Sterility, 112(5), 858–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.014


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Bizic, M. R., Jeftovic, M., Pusica, S., Stojanovic, B., Duisin, D., Vujovic, S., Rakic, V., & Djordjevic, M. L. (2018). Gender Dysphoria: Bioethical Aspects of Medical Treatment. BioMed Research International, 2018, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9652305


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Nahata, L., Tishelman, A. C., Caltabellotta, N. M., & Quinn, G. P. (2017). Low Fertility Preservation Utilization Among Transgender Youth. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 61(1), 40–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.12.012


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Other biomedical risks and uncertainties

Nokoff, N. J., Scarbro, S. L., Moreau, K. L., Zeitler, P., Nadeau, K. J., Reirden, D., Juarez-Colunga, E., & Kelsey, M. M. (2021). Body Composition and Markers of Cardiometabolic Health in Transgender Youth on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists. Transgender Health, 6(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2020.0029


Shirazi, T. N., Self, H., Dawood, K., Cárdenas, R., Welling, L. L. M., Rosenfield, K. A., Ortiz, T. L., Carré, J. M., Balasubramanian, R., Delaney, A., Crowley, W., Breedlove, S. M., & Puts, D. A. (2020). Pubertal timing predicts adult psychosexuality: Evidence from typically developing

adults and adults with isolated GnRH deficiency. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 119, 104733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104733


Hruz, P. W. (2020). Deficiencies in Scientific Evidence for Medical Management of Gender Dysphoria. The Linacre Quarterly, 87(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919873762


Stoffers, I. E., de Vries, M. C., & Hannema, S. E. (2019). Physical changes, laboratory parameters, and bone mineral density during testosterone treatment in adolescents with gender dysphoria. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 16(9), 1459–1468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.06.014


Hough, D., Bellingham, M., Haraldsen, I. R. H., McLaughlin, M., Rennie, M., Robinson, J. E., Solbakk, A. K., & Evans, N. P. (2017). Spatial memory is impaired by peripubertal GnRH agonist treatment and testosterone replacement in sheep. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 75, 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.016


Schagen, S. E. E., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., Delemarre-van de Waal, H. A., & Hannema, S. E. (2016). Efficacy and Safety of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment to Suppress Puberty in Gender Dysphoric Adolescents. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 13(7), 1125–1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.05.004


Wiemels, J., Wrensch, M., & Claus, E. B. (2010). Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 99(3), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

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